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Embedding Health-Promoting Changes Into the Daily Lives of Independent-Living Older Adults

Long-Term Follow-Up of Occupational Therapy Intervention

^a Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
^b Statistical Consultation and Research Center, Department of Preventive Medicine
^c Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles
^d Department of Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy, University of Southern California School of Pharmacy, Los Angeles

Stanley P. Azen, Statistical Consultation and Research Center, Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, 1540 Alcazar CHP 218, Los Angeles, CA 90089-1090 E-mail: sazen{at}usc.edu.

Decision Editor: Toni C. Antonucci, PhD

The Well Elderly Study was a randomized trial in independent-living older adults that found significant health, function, and quality of life benefits attributable to a 9-month program in preventive occupational therapy (OT). All participants completing the trial were followed for an additional 6 months without further intervention and then reevaluated using the same battery of instruments. Long-term benefit attributable to preventive OT was found for the quality of interaction scale of the Functional Status Questionnaire and for six of eight scales on the RAND SF-36: physical functioning, role functioning, vitality, social functioning, role emotional, and general mental health (p < .05). Approximately 90% of the therapeutic gain observed following OT treatment was retained in follow-up. The finding of a sustained effect for preventive OT is of great public health relevance given the looming health care cost crisis associated with our nation's expanding elderly population.