Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, Vol 50, Issue 1 S59-S61, Copyright © 1995 by The Gerontological Society of America

ARTICLES

The effect of retirement on mental health and health behaviors: the Kaiser Permanente Retirement Study

LT Midanik, K Soghikian, LJ Ransom and IS Tekawa
Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program, Oakland, California, and University of California at Berkeley.

To assess the short-term effect of retirement on mental health and health behaviors of members of a health maintenance organization aged 60-66, questionnaires were completed in 1985 and 1987 by employed members planning to retire during the study period and those not planning to retire. Mental health behaviors of members who actually retired (n = 320) were compared with those members who did not retire (n = 275). Using logistic regression controlling for age, gender, marital status, and education, we found that retired members were more likely to have lower stress levels and to engage in regular exercise more often as compared to those who did not retire during the study period. Retired women were more likely to report no alcohol problems as compared to nonretired women. There were no differences between the groups on self-reported mental health status, coping, depression, smoking, alcohol consumption, and frequency of drunkenness. These findings underscore the importance of assessing positive benefits associated with retirement and call for further evaluation of whether these benefits persist over time.

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